Sloughi, Arabian Greyhound, or Sluga is a sighthound of Oriental origin, native to North Africa.
Origin
The Sloughi breed developed in the territories of present-day Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria, and Libya. It is believed that the breed reached the Oriental regions as a gift to Nubian pharaohs from areas corresponding to modern-day Asia. At that time, Sloughis differed in appearance from those we know today. They reached their present form around the 7th–8th centuries BCE.
Sloughis were companions on the journeys of nomadic Berber desert tribes inhabiting the northern regions of Africa. All sighthound breeds are thought to descend from a single smooth-coated ancestor with forward-set, dropped ears. Differences between breeds later arose through the crossing of various regional types. The Azawakh is still regarded as the dog of the Tuareg people, while the Saluki is traditionally associated with the Bedouins.
The Sloughi was perceived by its owner as a true member of the family. These dogs shared the tent with their people and, during cold desert nights, even their master’s blanket. An old Arabic proverb about these noble animals says:
“Aada machi Kelby, Aada Sloughi” — “This is not a dog, this is a Sloughi.”
In their countries of origin, Sloughis were cared for with the same devotion as prized Arabian horses. They were adorned with valuable jewellery and protective amulets. The finest breeding males were often not released for hunting, to prevent injury in dense scrub. If a young dog showed promise as a future stud, his owner protected his testicles with leather coverings.
Sloughis were highly valued above all for their clean and efficient performance in the hunt. Historical engravings depict Sloughis seated on horseback with their masters, gaining a better vantage point from the saddle to spot prey in the distance. They accompanied their owners and falcons when hunting hares, jackals, ostriches, and gazelles.
All sighthounds are known for “hunting by sight.” During the chase, they rely far more on vision than on scent — a unique trait among dog breeds. Their eyesight is exceptionally keen.
The exact origin of the breed name “Sloughi” remains uncertain, though it is sometimes linked to the Yemeni city of Saloug. Even today, the name varies across native regions; for example, in parts of Morocco they are referred to as “saloukhi morroc.”
Characteristics
The Sloughi is a natural, primitive breed that enjoys generally robust health. Litters are often large, and whelpings tend to be uncomplicated. Sloughi mothers are attentive and devoted to their puppies.
These dogs are remarkably elegant, proud, and dry-muscled, giving an impression of great nobility. The head is long and refined, with only a slight stop. The nose is always black; any other pigmentation is unacceptable. The dentition forms a scissor bite. The eyes are large and usually dark brown. The ears are set high and lie close to the head. The neck is long and free of dewlap. The back is long and slightly arched. The tail is long, tapering towards the tip and without feathering. The limbs are very long and muscular. The feet are rounded and almost cat-like. Nails may be dark or light, depending on coat colour.
Temperament
Sloughis are active, agile, and swift, as well as confident and dignified. Independent decision-making is part of their natural disposition. They possess a strong hunting instinct, and in urban environments it is advisable to keep them on a leash. In safely enclosed or well-trained situations, they may be allowed to run freely. Their curiosity is pronounced — if something attracts their attention, they will investigate it at speed. They are capable of reaching nearly 60 km/h.
They will never display the unquestioning obedience typical of breeds such as the Labrador Retriever or the German Shepherd Dog. Early socialisation and consistent upbringing are essential for harmonious coexistence with children and other animals. Sloughis are intelligent and learn quickly, but training must remain engaging and meaningful for them.
As with any large breed, supervision is necessary around very young children. Generally, however, Sloughis are tolerant and patient. With proper introduction, they can even develop close bonds with cats and may share the same resting place. They are well suited to living in a pack, although this is not a strict requirement. Deeply attached to their owners, they are loyal and devoted companions. Some individuals also make effective watchdogs or protectors, and they are not prone to unnecessary barking.
